Test-switch for recording-wattmeters.



H. G. BLOKUSEWSKI.

TEST SWITCH FOR RECORDING WATTMBTERS.

Y APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1909.

Patented May 16, 1911.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

910 62222225; '13 OLMQ1A%%M.

H. G. BLOKUSEWSKI. TEST SWITCH FOR RECORDING WATTMETERS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1909. 4

' PatentedMay 16, .1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

v UNITED STATES PATENT sense.

HANS 1GEORG BLOKUSEWSKI, or WEEHAWKEN, NEW massi TEST-SWITCH FORRECORDING-WATTMETERS.

Specification of Letters has.

Patented May 16,1923.

Application filed June 25, 1909. Serial No. 504,272.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HANS'GEOBG BLOKU- snwsiu, a. citizen of theEmpireofiGermany. and a resident of VVeehawken, county of Hudson, and State ofNew Jersey, have invented certain new and usefu Improve ments inTest-Switches for Recording-Wattmeters', of which the following is aspecifi cation. W

This invention has reference to. a novel test switch for recordingwattmeters particularly used in the three wire system. The novel testswitch is permanently arranged in the system. It is adapted to changethe electric circuit recording the customers load into anon-recordingposition and places the meter coils into atesting positionwithout interrupting the customers service. By the use of this switchthe three wire system on the house side of the meter is retained duringthe test and the voltage and of any point remains the same.

Heretofore when testing a recording wattmeter a number of manualoperations werepotential necessary to get the wattmeter ready for a"'test and sometimes series straps were used to put the field in series.These operations. took time and caused inconvenience to the user. Whenshuntingthe customers load a change in the polarity of one side ofthecustomers system was made whereby the potential difference between thetwo potential wires was reduced to zero.

The above described deficiencies are all avoided by the use of my noveltest switch which is permanently embodied in the system. When desiringto test the recording wattnietcr it is necessary to solely insert .a keyand turn the switch from the working into the testing position. When thetest has been made the key can notbe removed unless the switch isreturned into the working position thus preventing the use of currentwithout being recorded. By turning the switch from the working positioninto the testing position all the'required connections are made and theload in each field is shunted with its originalpolarity, the house wiresand one service wire are disconnected from the fields and the fields areplaced in series.

The connections are made and broken in proper succession so as not tobreak the current at any moment nor make any short circuits? In additionto these main objects it has been sought to reduce. the cost of production by simplicity in construction- It has further been attempted tosecure novelty and attractiveness in appearance so as to make the testswitch a neat and desirable article, all as will be fully describedherein after with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 represents in top plan view test switch without cover forrecording wattmeters embodying in desirable form the presentimprovements. Fig. 2 isa top plan view of same with cover thereon. 8illustrates the test switch in section on line 3, 3 of Figs. 1 and.2.Fig. i is a diagrammatical View of the switch with its wire connectionsin the Working position, and Fig. 5

is a like view of the test switch in the test iug position.

imilar characters of referencedenote like parts in all the figures. I

The test switch is mounted on. a supp rt made of electricallyinsulating, non-conducting material such as for instance insulatingrubber composition. 1, however prefer to make the base or supporttogether with the insulating block's thereon out of one PDTIlB-r laincasting, the conducting parts being secured thereto by means ofscrewsand nuts.

On thedrawin g A designatesthe porcelain base or support.

A, B are the binding posts for theservice wiresrD, E represent thebinding posts for the house wires and C is the binding post for theloadlead while F, G representthe meter fields and F} the arm' ature ofthe meter as shown in Figs. 4: and'5.

A number of brass block's are stationarily mounted on the base. Theblocks M L K shown on the drawing on the upper side and the blocks N O Pshown on the drawing on the lower side are arranged in a circle. Twoadditional blocks Q R are located near the 'blocks N 07? also arrangedin a curve. A

brass lever Sl-with segmental downward end portions, as indicated bydotted lines iscentrally mounted on the base between the various blocksabove mentioned. It turns on a bolt S? extending below into a. small.housing S and is surrounded within the housino by a coiled spring 5, seeFig. 3 which ten s to pull the lever downward the purpose or which willbe explainedfarther down. To;

the top pthtion of the lever a broad brass part H ispermanently securehaving seg} mental end portions. Three to ass segments W V T are.carried by this brass part H. All into the testing position. The currentforthree segments are secured to its lower portion and insulated fromeach other and also from the brass part H and the brass lever S. Thesegment T is purposed to slide on i the conducting blocks M L and Kwhile the brass segment \V is purposed to slide on the brass blocks N Ol and segment V on the blocks Q, and R. -Thus the segments W V T,

' the switch by means of the key or handle interrupting the service.

from the working into the testing position, the required connections aremade without As seen in Fig. 4 the path of the current is as follows:from the, set of generators X the current flows to the binding post A ofthe service wire and vthen passes through the meter field F, the

conducting block K, the segment T, the conducting block L into the housewire D. From the binding post B of the second service wire the currentpasses through the conducting block P, the inner conducting block R, thesegment V, the conducting block Q, through the field G, the conductingblock N, the segment W, the block 0 to the house wire'E. The neutralwire Y passes the one lead of the armature F of the meter and then intothe system in the usual manner. The working load Z is represented by arelamps, incandescent lamps, mercury vapor lamps and a motor. These arethe connections of the test switch when in the working position.

By the use of this switch the polarity of any point in the system alwaysremains the same. This renders it possible to use this test switch for aworking load containing on either side of the system are lamps, flamingarc lamps, mercury vapor lamps and motors and across the two outsidewires apparatus requiring the voltage across the two outside wires, asmotors and lamps. I

In Fig. 5 of the drawing the test switch is represented in the testingposition. \Vith the test switch forming the subject matter of thisinvention an auxiliary load Z for testing pin-poses .may he used whichmay be altered as conditions require. It is reprc sented by a lamp bankC in Fig. 5 of the drawing located between the binding post G and thestandard meter or amme'ter C according to the style of testing. Fromsuch -meter, connection is made with the neutral wire Y of the threewire system. As is plainly seen a slight. movement suflices to turn themovable mechanism of the switch inerly passing through the field F nowflows from the binding post A of the service wire to the block M, thesegment T, the block L into the house wire D. The current formerlypassing through the field G now flows through the binding post B, theblock P, the segment W, the block 0 to the house wire E. The testcurrent now flows through the binding post A, the field F, the block K,the brass lever S, the block N, the field G to the loadlea'd C, theauxiliary load and the meter G into the neutral wire Y. Thus by turningthe switch the two fields have been placed in series. After havingtested the recording wattmeter the operator might. withdraw the key orhandle J and leave the switch in the testing position whereby thecurrent would be used without being recorded. To prevent this, the key Jis so constructed that it may be withdrawn solely when the switch is inthe working position. To render this possible the cover I has a curvedslot 1 with an enlargement I at the end shown in Fig. 2 at the righthand sideof the slot and a second curved slot I having a likeenlargement I" at the left hand end. The key or handle J has twodownward pins of which one J is shown in Fig. 3. This pin is narrow atthe top, somewhat enlarged in its middle portion and again narrow at thebottom. The enlarged portion of the pin passes easily through theenlarged portion I of the curved slot I and the lower narrow end of thepin enters an opening H in the brass part H. The enlarged portion of thepin can not be withdrawn through the curved slot but solely through itsenlarged end portion therefore the operator must return the test switchinto the workingposition before he can withdraw the handle or key J. Itis self evident that the movement of the key J is limited, by the lengthof the curved slots in the cover. Accordingly the operator can turn theswitch solely as far as required.

The test switch is made in different sizes and for various strengths ofcurrent. The switch is preferably embodied into the wattmeter as far asthe size permits it which may be done in recording Wattmeters up toabout 75 amperes. Larger switches may be placed in a separate boxandmounted in a convenient position.

The segments W, T, are sufiiciently wide to make contact on aneighboring block during the turning of the switch into the testingposition or returning same into the working'position. The segment Vmakes contact with the corresponding blocks Q R in connection with thecontact made by the seg ments W' T with the corresponding blocks "M, L,K, N, O, P. The spring S in the housing S tends to draw the movablemechanism downward whereby good contact is assured during the turning ofthe switch.

Thus sparking and heating of the cgnduetducting blocks thereon normallyin the path of the working circuit, conducting blocks adwmmgsamenormally not within the-cu cuit, movable parts mountedon the baseprovided with insulated blocks adapted to slide :on ;the' permanentblocks shunting thereby the customers load ineach field so that thepolarity and potential difference at any point of the customers runningsystem remains the :sa't'ne 'as before.

i v 2. A test swit h for recording 'wattmeters comprising .an insulatedbase, permanent conducting blocks thereon normally in-thev path of theworking circuit, conducting blocks adjoining'same normally not withinthe circuit, movable parts mounted on the base provided with insulatedblocks adapted to slide on the permanent blocks changing thereby thecircuit recording the customers load into a non-recording position andplacingthe meter coils in series for testing without interrupting thecustomers service. 3.- A test-switch for recording wattmeters adapted tobe used in the three Wire system i I when both lines carry customersloads comprising an insulated base, permanent conducting blocks thereonnormally in the path of the working circuit, conducting blocks adjoiningsame normally not within the circu'it, all arranged in a circle,insulated movable parts with segmental end portions mounted on the baseprovided with insulated blocks adapted to slide on the permanent blocksshunting thereby the customers load in each field so that the polarityand potential diiierence at any point of the'customers running systemremains the same as before.

4. A test switch for recording wattmeters for use in the three wiresystem comprising an insulated base, three permanent coxiducting blockscircularly arranged thereon on one side two of which being normally inthe path of the working circuit, three conducting blocks circularlyarranged opposite the first onesall normally in the path of the workingcircuit, two additional permanent conducting blocks in said circuitarranged in a curve within the last mentioned blocks, a "movable levermounted centrally Within the base, a brass part permanently secured tothe lever carrying insulated segmental contacts adapted to slide on theouter conducting blocks, a-second insulated segment inwardly arranged onsaid brass part adapt-t ed to slide on the two inner conducting blocksand a key for turning the movable parts. o I 5. A test switchfor'recording wattmeters adapted to be used in the three wire systemcomprising an insulated base, three conducting blocks circularly securedon one side two being in thework'ing circuit, three conduct ing blockscircularly arranged opposite the first all' in the working circuit, twoaddi tional conducting blocks in said cireuit'se cured within the saidlast blocks, a movable lever centrally within, the base, a brass partsecured to the lever with segmental insulated contacts adapted to slideon the outer blocks, a second insulated segment on said brass partadapted to slide on the two inner blocks, a key for turning the movableparts changing thereby the flow of the current to the nearbyfree blockof the first set, the segment thereon, the adjoining block into the oneservice wire and to the remote block of the second set, the segmentthereon, the neighboring block into. the second service wire. V

6. In a test switch of the type described a set of three conductingblocks circularly arranged on one side two being in the working circuit,a set of three conduct-ing blocks circularly arranged opposite the firstall in said circuit, two additional blocks arranged in a curve withinand near the last mentioned blocks, a movable lever suitably mounted anda brass part secured to the lever and carrying insulated segmentalcontacts adapted to slide on the block.

Signed at New York, N. Y., this 24th day \Vitnesses LUDWIG K. Bonn,ALFRED m'oNs.

